Machine, applicable as pump, compressor, or motor



S. LARSSON.

MACHINE, APPLICABLE AS PUMP, COMPRESSOR, 0R MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED 050.23. 1919.

1,367,914. Patented Feb.'8, 1921.

2 i 2 Km S. LARSSON.

MACHINE, APPLICABLE AS PUMP, COMPRESSOR, 0R MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED 050.23. 1919.

1,367,914. Patented Feb. 8,1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

S. LARSSON.

MACHINE, APPLICABLE AS PUMP, COMPRESSOR, 0R MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED 050.23, 1919.

1,367,914. Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Fig. 6

EVEN. LABSSON, OI STOOKHOLM, SWEDEN.

MACHINE, APPLICABLE AS PUMP, COMPRESSOR, OB IOTQ'B.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 8, 1921.

Application filed December 23, 1919. Serial No. 348,997.

To all whom a'tmay concern:

Be it known that I, SVEN LARsson, a c1t1- zen of the Kingdom of Sweden,residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have inventednew and useful ImprovedMachines, Appl1cable as Pumps, Compressors, or Motors, of whlch thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine, applicable as pump, compressor ormotor, of the kind which comprises a plurallty of I axiallyreciprocating pistons mounted in a cylindrical drum, the reciprocationof the pistons being derived from a rotary drlvlng shaft centrallymounted in the drum and carrying obliquely-acting driving means for thepistons.

In motors of this kind, as heretofore known, the cylinder chambers areat each end of the drum connected to an outer suction chamber along onehalf of the periphery of the drum, and to an outer discharge chamberalong the other'half of the periphery of the drum. The suction chambersat opposite ends of the drum are connected together by an outerconnection, and a s1m1- lar connection is provided between the twodischarge chambers situated at opposite ends of the drum. Saidarrangement of the suction and discharge chambers and of the connectionstherebetween will render the construction bulky and complicated.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement ofsaid chambers and connections, whereby a considerable re duction of thedimensions of the machine and a simple construction will be obtained.

The invention is characterized chiefly in that the driving shaft isformedas a rotary slide valve within the drum and that said slide valveis provided with separate suction and discharge passages to alternatelybring the cylinder-chambers in communication with a main suctionconnection atone end of the drum, and a main discharge connection at theother end of the drum.

In the accompanying drawing, several embodiments of the invention areillustrated. Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section of a machineaccording toone embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 shows a horizontallon itudinal section through same machine. Fig. 3 shows a cross sectionon the line XX in Fig; 1. Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through amachine according to another embodiment of the mention. Fig. 5 shows asimilar section driving shaft 6.

I the opposite end of through a machine according to a third embodimentof the invention. Figs. 6 and 7 show longitudinal section and crosssection, respectively, of a machine according to a fourth embodiment ofthe invention.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-3, the numeral 1 indicatesastationary drum, div1d ed transversely and containing a plurahty ofcylinder chambers 2 arranged near the periphery of the drum andconcentrically with respect to the axis of the drum, the drum beingfurther formed with a central boring 3. Slidably mounted in eachcylinder chamber is a piston 4. Fitted in the central boring 3, withtrue running fit, is a transversely divided rotary slide valve 5. Saidslide valve is rigidly secured to a The valve 5 is formed between itsends with a portion 7 having a reduced diameter. Securely fastened onthe said reduced portion? is a cylindrical member 8 the axis of which isinclined to the axis of the slide valve 5. Mounted on the member 8, asby' means of ball bearings, is a spider 9 having one radial arm orprojection 10 for each piston. The arms 10 are cylindrical in shape, andeach of them engages a bore of a plug 11 rotatably and slidably mountedin a transverse hole formed in the respective piston.

The cylinder chambers communicate near each of their ends with thecentral boring 3 of the drum through holes 12, forming a row of holesaround each end portion of the slide valve 5. The slide valve 5 is madehollow to form separate suction and discharge passages adapted tocommunicate with the cylinder chambers through the said holes 12. Tothis end the slide valve 5 is formed with two peripheral openings 13, 14for each of said rows of holes, said openings being situated atdiametrically opposite halves of the periphery of the valve. Theopenings 13 are each connected to a suction chamber 15 within the slideValve 5,.while the openings 14 are each connected to a discharge chamber18 within the said slide valve 5. The suction chambers1l5 are connectedtogether by a passage 16, and one of them opens in a main suctionconnection 17 at one end of the drum. The discharge chambers 18 aresimilarly connected together by a passage 19, and one of them opens in amain discharge connection 20 situated at the drum. The interspaces 21between the cylinder chambers 2 of the drum may be utilized for coolingpur oses.

The mac ine above described operates substantially as follows Upon therotation of the shaft 6, the valve 5 is also rotated due to its rigidcon nection with the driving shaft 6, the valve 5 formin in fact a artof said driving shaft. The Oh iquely-acting member 8 will due to itsrotation with the valve 5 cause the spider 9 with its arms 10 to performan oscillating movement, substantially in axial direction. The slightperipheral movement of the arms 10 will be compensated by the transversemovement of the plugs 11 in the holes of the pistons. While the slidevalve 5 performs one revolution, each piston will perform a completestroke, the arrangement 'being such that each cylinder chamber, whenacting as suction chamber, Wlll communicute with thesuction passages ofthe slide valve 5, while communicating with the discharge passages ofthe said slide valve when actin as discharge chamber.

In ig. 4 I have shown a somewhat modified construction in which theconnecting passage for the dischar e chambers of the valve 5 is arrangedwit in the connecting passage for the suction chambers of said" valve.This will result in the advantage that, for instance when using .themachine as a compressor, the gas heated by the compression is preventedfrom coming into contact with and heating the outer part of the slidevalve. The suction chambers 15- are interconnected by means of anaxially extendin passage 16, and mounted centrally in sai passage is apipe 19 forming the connecting passage between the discharge chambers18.

In using either of the machines above described as a compressor it maybe suitable to connect two or more machines to form a com oundconstruction. In Fig. 5 a compoun -compresssor is shown consisting oftwo machines of the above described type. The left hand machine 22 formsthe high pressure compressor, and the right-hand machine forms the lowpressure compressor. The discharge chamber 18 of the said lastmentionedmachine is directly connected with the suction chamber 15 of thehighpressure compressor. Mounted in the space formed by said chambers 18and 15 is an intermediate cooling device 24 surrounding the abuttingends of the slide valves 5 of the two machines. The cooling device 24 ispreferably in communication with the cooling jacket 21 of the lowpressure compressor 23, while the said cooling jacket 21 may beconnected to the cooling acket 21 of the high pressure compressor.

Figs. 6 and 7 show also a compound comressor consisting of two machinesembodymg this invention. In this case, the discharge chambers 18 18 ofthe two compressors are situated side by side and are only separated b awall 26. The discharge chamber 18 of the low pressure compressorcommunicates with the suction chamber 15 of the hi h pressure compressorby a pipe 27 extending lengthwise through the cooling 'acket 21 of thehigh pressure compressor. 11 this case the saidcooling jacket 21 of thehigh pressure compressor will thus effect the intermediate cooling. Thisconstruction permits a decrease of the resulting axial pressure astheaxial pressures will in part counter-balance each other; The shaftsor slide valves of the two compressors may be securely fastened togetherby a coupling 28.

It is obvious that more than two machines may be connected to formcompound machines in any of the manners above described. If desired,certain machines of a compound machinery may be connected toing acentral boring and axially disposed.

cylinder chambers, axially reciprocating pistons in said chambers, arotary slide valve in said central boring containing separate inlet andoutlet passages, a cover at one end of the drum containing a commoninlet for said inlet passages, another cover at the other end of thedrum containing a common outlet for said outlet passages, and -meanscarried by said rotary slide valve adapted to reciprocate said pistons.

2. In a machine of the kind described,the combination of a plurality ofaxially reciprocating pistons, a stationary drum havin'g-a centralboring and other borings axially disposed and adapted to receive saidpistons said other borings forming a cylinder chamber at each end ofsaid pistons and communicating with said central borings through holesat each of their ends, a rotary slide valve mounted in said centralborings and having separate inlet and outlet passages adapted toalternately communicate with said cylinder chambers, and means carriedby said rotary slide valve and adapted to reciprocate said pistons.

3. In a machine of the kind described, the combination of axiallyreciprocating pistons, a rotary drum having a central boring and otherborings adapted to receive said pistons and forming cylinder chambers ateach end thereof, said chambers communicating with said central borinthrough radial ports, a cover at one end 0 the drum containing an inlet,another cover at the other end of the drum containing an outlet, arotary slide valve in said central boring having separate inlet andoutlet passages to alternately set said cylinder chambers intocommunication with said inlet and said outlet, and means carried by saidrotary slide valve and adapted to reciprocate said pistons.

4. In a machine of the kind described, the combination of a stationarydrum having a central boring and axially disposed cylinder chambers,reciprocatmg pistons in said chambers, a rotary slide valve in saidcentral boring having separate inlet and outlet passa es, the outletpassage being disposed wit in the inlet passage, and means carried bysaid slide valve and adapted to reciprocate said pistons.

5. In a compound compressor, the combinationof a plurality of stationarydrums arranged in alinement with each other and having each a centralboring and axially disposed cylinder chambers, reciprocating pistons insaid chambers, a rotary slide valve in each of said central boringshaving separate inlet and outlet assages, the outlet passage of oneslide vaive being directly connected to the inlet passage of theadjacent slide valve and means carried by said slide valves and adaptedto reciprocate said istons.

6. n a compound compressor, the combination of a lurality of stationarydrums arranged in aiinement with each other and having each a centralboring and axially disposed cylinder chambers, reciprocating pistons insaid chambers, a rotary slide valve in each of said central boringshaving separate inlet and outlet passages, the outlet passage of oneslide valve being directly connected to the inlet passage of theadjacent slide valve, a cooling device arranged in a chamber formed bythe said interconnected outlet and inlet passages, and means carried bysaid slide valves and adapted to reciprocate said pistons. I

7. In a compound compressor, the combination of a plurality ofstationary drums arranged in alinement with each other and having each acentral boring and axially disposed cylinder chambers, reciprocatingpistons in said chambers, a rotary slide valve in each of said centralborings having separate inlet and outlet passages, the outlet passagesof two adjacent slide valves opening in the ends of said slide valvesfacing each other, a partition separating said chambers from oneanother, cooling 'ack'ets disposed between the cylinder chamers of thedrums, the outlet passage of one slide valve being connected to theinlet passage of the adjacent slide valve b means of a connectionextending through t e cooling jacket of the drum corresponding to the'sald last mentioned slide valve.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name. SVEN LARSSON.

